International Energy Agency Publishes "Global Hydrogen Review 2024"
The International Energy Agency has released a report titled "Global Hydrogen Review 2024". According to the report, global hydrogen demand reached 97 Mt in 2023, a 2.5% increase compared to 2022. Demand remains concentrated in the refining and chemical sectors, primarily covered by hydrogen produced from fossil fuels without abatement.
As in previous years, low-emission hydrogen played a marginal role, with production of less than 1 Mt in 2023. However, low-emission hydrogen production could reach 49 Mtpa by 2030, based on announced projects, a nearly 30% increase from the time of the Global Hydrogen Review 2023 publication. This strong growth has been mainly driven by electrolysis projects, with an electrolysis capacity of nearly 520 GW.
In terms of hydrogen strategy, 60 countries worldwide have already adopted specific policies, divided between 30 advanced economies, including the European Union, and 30 emerging and developing economies. This dynamic has accelerated in North Africa, with Tunisia and Egypt announcing their national strategies in 2024, Algeria and Mauritania in 2023, and Morocco in 2021.
Tunisia aims to produce a total of 8.3 Mtpa of hydrogen and 87 GW of electrolysis by 2050, with 6 Mtpa destined for export. Intermediate targets for 2030 include producing 320 ktpa of hydrogen, 3.9 GW of electrolysis, and 5 GW of renewable energy. In the short term, hydrogen will primarily be used in the chemical and refining sectors, while in the long term, it will be destined for aviation (e-SAF), maritime transport, and electricity production. The investment needs by 2050 are estimated at $130 billion.
